1985年毕业于吉林大学，1991年5月在美国莱斯大学(Rice University)获得应用数学博士学位，导师为William W. Symes教授。

1992年起他先后在美国明尼苏达大学数学及其应用研究所，佛罗里达大学和密歇根州立大学工作，现在是美国密歇根州立大学教授，密西根工业与应用数学中心创始人、主任，吉林大学***，浙江大学数学系教授、主任。 入选2009年度中组部“***计划” 。

包刚博士的博士论文主要研究线性波动方程解与系数的依赖关系，这是地震学理论的中心课题也是一个非常困难的数学问题。他的博士论文工作是迄今为止该领域最深刻的结果，由此发展的数学工具极大地推动了光滑系数波动方程的非线性微局部分析。

他最早开始对光栅衍射问题的数学模型进行系统研究;第一个获得间断系数有源Maxwell方程的Lp估计这一非常重要和深刻的成果;分析和发展了一系列Maxwell方程组应用问题的基于有限元方法，最小二乘有限元方法，杂交边界有限元方法的算法;发展了一系列新的技巧，为光学和电磁学中的反问题和最优设计问题提供了原创性的结果。包刚博士是光学和Maxwell方程组这一重要应用领域的国际学科带头人。

[1]G. Bao, K. Yun, and Z. Zhou, Stability of electromagnetic waves from an open cavity: TM case , SIAM J. Math. Anal., to appear.

[2]G. Bao, H. Zhang and J. Zou, Unique determination of periodic polyhedral structures by scattered electromagnetic fields Part II: The resonance case , Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., to appear.

[3]G. Bao, J. Gao, J. Lin, and W. Zhang, Mode matching for the electromagnetic scattering from three dimensional large cavities , IEEE Trans. Antennas & Wave Propagation, to appear.

[4]G. Bao, J. Lin and F. Triki, An inverse source problem with multiple frequency data , Comptes rendus Mathematiques, 349, 2011.

[5]G. Bao and J. Lin, Imaging of local surface displacement on an infinite ground plane: the multiple frequency case , SIAM J. Appl. Math., 7, 2011.

[6]G. Bao, J. Lin and F. Triki, Numerical solution of the inverse source problem for the Helmholtz equation with multiple frequency data , Contemp. Math., AMS, 548, 2011.

[7]G. Bao, J. Gao, and P. Li, Analysis of direct and inverse problems for electromagnetics scattering from cavities , Numer. Math. Theor. Meth. Appl., 4, 2011.

[8]G. Bao, Z. Xu, J. Yuan, Continuation finite element simulation of second harmonic generation in photonic crystals , Comm. Comput. Phys., 10, 2011.

[9]G. Bao, H. Zhang and J. Zou, Unique determination of periodic polyhedral structures by scattered electromagnetic fields , Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 363, 2011.

[10]G. Bao, L. Dou, T. Eller, P. Li, Y. Wang, and Z. X, Quantifying tectonic and geomorphic interpretations of thermochronometer data: The reconstruction of mountain surface , Comm. Comput. Phys., 9(1), 2011.

[11]Z.Xu and G. Bao, A numerical scheme for nonlinear Helmholtz equation in nonlinear optics , J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A., 27(11), 2010.

[12]G. Bao, H. Zhang and J. Zou, On uniqueness of inverse biperiodic polyhedral gratings , Trans of AMS, 2010.

[13]G. Bao, S-N Chow, P. Li, and H-M Zhou, Numerical solution of an inverse medium scattering problem with a stochastic source , Inverse Problems, 26, 2010.

[14]G. Bao, P. Li and H. Wu, An adaptive edge element method with perfectly matched absorbinglayers for wave scattering by periodic structures , Math. Comp., 79, 2010.

[15]G. Bao, J. Lin and F. Triki, A multi-frequency inverse source problem , J. Diff. Eqn., 249(12), 2010.

[16]G. Bao and F. Triki, Error estimates for the recursive linearization for solving inverse medium problems , J. Comput. Math., 28(6), 2010.